Introduction

Bachittar Natak is a prominent composition that forms a part of the Dasam Granth, a sacred scripture of Sikhism. It is an autobiographical narrative written by Guru Gobind Singh, the tenth Sikh Guru. The term “Bachittar Natak” translates to “The Wonderful Drama” in English.

The question of authorship is central to any debate on Bachitar Natak (these days being called Dasam Granth). Because if Guru Gobind Singh ji is not the author of the compilation it does not hold any significance for Sikhs. But what makes things complex is that enemies of Sikhism mixed the wrings of Guru Gobind Singh ji with the writings of Hindu scriptures translated by some poets.

Banis contained in Bachitra Natak (Dasam Granth )which are written by Guru Gobind Singh ji and the entire Panth agreed on this as far back as 1877 are:

1. Jaap Sahib
2. Akaal Ustat Jafarnama
3. Tenti (33 ) sawaiye
4. Shabad Hazare : apart form shabad Mitar pyare nu haal mureeda da kehna

Other Baanis included in Bachitar Natak but not written by Guru Gobind Singh ji are :

1. Chandi Charitar
2. Chandi di Var
3. Gian Prabodh
4. Chaubis Avtar
5. Ramkal
6. Brahm Avtar
7. Rudar Avtar
8. Khalsa Mehma
9. Shastar Nam Mala Puran
10. Kabyo Baach Bentee
11. Charitropakhyan (the character of women and men)
12. Hikayats

Contents of Bachittar Natak:

The Bachittar Natak is divided into three main sections, each focusing on different aspects of Guru Gobind Singh’s life. The first section, known as the “Chandi Charitar,” narrates the story of the goddess Chandi and her battles against various demons. The second section, called the “Chandi Di Var,” further elaborates on the goddess Chandi’s valor and bravery. The final section, known as the “Gian Prabodh,” is a philosophical discourse on the nature of knowledge and enlightenment.

Authorship

Guru Gobind Singh is credited as the author of Bachittar Natak. It is said, he composed this text during his stay at Anandpur Sahib, a significant Sikh pilgrimage site in present-day Punjab, India. The composition showcases his literary skills and deep spiritual insights.

Controversy

1. Bachittar Natak introduces Guru Gobind Singh as a divine being sent by God to fulfill a specific mission on Earth. The text emphasizes a unique and elevated spiritual status for the Guru, suggesting a divine purpose behind his incarnation.

2. The genealogy presented in Bachittar Natak traces the lineage of the Gurus back to God. It describes the divine mission of each Guru and their role in carrying forward the message of righteousness and justice.

3. Guru Gobind Singh, as portrayed in Bachittar Natak, expresses that his incarnation is not ordinary and is part of a larger divine plan. The text aims to convey the gravity and significance of the Guru’s role in shaping the destiny of the Sikh community and upholding righteous principles.

4. Guru Teg Bahadur ji giving donation and performing pilgrimage to get son

5. The Sikh gurus were descendants of Luv Kush the sons of mythological king Rama.

6. Shabad: Mitar pyare nu haal mureeda da kehna

7. Jori jeeve jug chaar tihari

8. Compositions encouraging use of intoxicants

9.

Bachittar Natak has been a subject of controversy within the Sikh community. Some scholars and Sikh organizations question the authenticity of certain portions of the Dasam Granth, including the Bachittar Natak. These controversies primarily revolve around the authorship, content, and inclusion of certain compositions in the Dasam Granth.

The debates surrounding the Dasam Granth and Bachittar Natak stem from differences in interpretation, historical context, and personal beliefs. The Sikh community continues to engage in discussions and research to gain a deeper understanding of the text and its significance in Sikhism.

In conclusion, Bachittar Natak is an integral part of the Dasam Granth, written by Guru Gobind Singh. It contains narratives of the goddess Chandi and philosophical discourses, showcasing the Guru’s literary prowess. While it remains a topic of controversy, it holds immense spiritual and historical significance for the Sikh community.

Dasam Granth is respected equally but is not considered equal to Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji. Hence, Dasam Granth is placed on a slightly lower level alongside Guru Granth Sahib ji. Guru Gobind Singh ji himself elevated Sri Guru Granth Sahib ji to an elevated/exalted position.

One notable book that delves into the understanding and interpretation of Bachittar Natak is:

Title: “Bachittar Natak: Introduction, Translation & Detailed Commentary” Author: Dr. Gobind Singh Mansukhani

Description: This book by Dr. Gobind Singh Mansukhani is known for its detailed commentary on Bachittar Natak. Dr. Mansukhani provides insights into the historical context, linguistic nuances, and spiritual interpretations of the text. The book aims to help readers navigate through the complex themes presented in Bachittar Natak and gain a deeper understanding of its significance in Sikh literature.

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